Understanding Linux commands is vital for system administrators, network engineers, and IT professionals. Here is a list of essential Linux commands that are fundamental for managing, troubleshooting, and configuring network settings.
| Command | Description |
|---|---|
hostname | Check and set the server’s hostname. Essential for identifying the server in a network. |
host | Retrieve DNS details for a given host, including IP addresses, MX records, etc. |
ping | Check remote server reachability using ICMP; displays round-trip time. |
curl | Versatile tool for data transfer and troubleshooting network issues, useful for downloading files, API testing. |
wget | Download files, useful for troubleshooting proxy connections and connectivity issues. |
ip | Modern replacement for ifconfig; used to configure and retrieve information about network interfaces. |
arp | Manage and view the ARP cache, which is crucial for network layer interactions. |
ss/netstat | Check active connections, listening ports, and Unix socket connections. |
traceroute | Use ICMP to trace the path to a destination server, displaying time between hops. |
mtr | Combines ping and traceroute functionalities, provides additional information like intermediate hosts. |
dig | Retrieve detailed DNS records associated with a domain. |
nslookup | Similar to dig, used for simpler DNS queries. |
nc | Utility for reading from and writing to network connections using TCP/UDP; useful for debugging. |
telnet | Test remote connectivity on specific ports, verify if a port is open. |
route | Retrieve and manipulate the IP routing table information. |
tcpdump | Capture and analyze network packets, essential for network troubleshooting. |
lsof | List open files and associated process information, including network sockets. |
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